Learning objective
Explain electricity and waves, reproduce the worked example and justify a decision in the case study.
Before you begin
Energy and heat
Understand
Current flows in a closed circuit. Voltage is a potential difference; resistance limits current. For an ohmic conductor: V = R × I.
Worked example
In a model with a 6 V battery and 300 Ω resistor: I = 6 ÷ 300 = 0.02 A = 20 mA. An open switch breaks the current path.
Analysis and common mistakes
Connecting a battery directly with a wire can cause a short circuit. Use a simulation for this lesson; do not work on household mains.
Case study — reasoning
Doubling resistance at constant voltage halves current because I = V/R. This applies to the ohmic model, not every possible component.
Knowledge check
Summary
Current flows in a closed circuit. Voltage is a potential difference; resistance limits current. For an ohmic conductor: V = R × I.
Sources for further study and verification
AI-assisted draft · Educator review not completed · Unofficial supplementary resource